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Infectious Diseases in Pregnancy

• Editor's Note
• List of Articles

List of Articles

• HIV in Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review
  The transformation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic over the last 20 years has been remarkable. With access to appropriate therapies, clinicians can now offer infected women a much improved prognosis as well as a very high likelihood of birthing children who will be HIV uninfected. Prevention of transmission of HIV from mother to fetus or newborn (vertical transmission) is a major goal in the care of pregnant women infected with HIV. In this article, the most recent developments in the field are summarized in a fashion that should allow the integration into the practice of obstetrics and thereby assure the HIV-infected women the best possible prognosis for themselves and for their children. The focus of this work is on the dual responsibilities of obstetricians, assuring the health of women and minimizing the risks of transmission.
  
  
• H1N1 Influenza in Pregnancy
  This document provides review of novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in pregnant women. Pregnant women with confirmed, probable, or suspected influenza A (H1N1) virus infection should receive antiviral treatment. Given the potential for rapidly worsening disease, close follow-up is recommended. The healthcare provider prescribing treatment should plan to contact patients on treatment within the first 24 hours of therapy to evaluate response. This review adds to a growing body of data that supports the notion that pregnant women may be both susceptible to and exhibit more severe symptoms with H1N1 influenza than is seen in non-pregnant patients.
  
  
• Community Acquired Pneumonia in Pregnancy
  Although morbidity and mortality from pneumonia has decreased since 1901, pneumonia in pregnancy remains a major health issue worldwide. Pneumonia classification includes: community acquired pneumonia (CAP) encountered in otherwise healthy individuals, health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP) developing in outpatient-care facilities, hospital-acquired pneumonia, nursing-home-acquired pneumonia, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Improving the care of adult patients with CAP has been the focus of many different organizations, and several have developed guidelines for management of CAP.  Recent recommendations by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) on the management of CAP address diagnostic techniques and management schemes for bacterial and viral pneumonias are addressed. These guidelines are discussed in the setting of the pregnant woman with CAP. It is widely held that pregnant women do not tolerate lung infections as well, and thus pneumonia can result in greater morbidity and mortality. Because of this, most recommend that a higher level of surveillance and intervention be practiced for the pregnant women.
  
  

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